HOW DO ORGANISMS REPRODUCE?

1.What is reproduction?
2.What is the necessity of reproduction?
3.What is the basic event in the reproduction process?
4.Why does variation occurs when a single cell divides into two cells?
5.What is the importance of DNA copying in variation?
6.Why is variation beneficial to species, but not to individuals?
7.What are the two ways of reproduction? Give difference between the two.
8.Explain the process of reproduction in bacteria and protozoa?
9.Give example of an organism whose cell divides in a specific orientation?
10.What is fragmentation? Give examples of organisms that reproduce by this process.
11.Why does multicellular organisms reproduce by fragmentation?
12.Define regeneration? Give examples of organisms that can regenerate.
13.Differentiate fragmentation and regeneration.
14.How does regeneration takes place?
15.Why is regeneration not considered as reproduction?
16.How does budding take place?
17.Give two examples of organisms that can reproduce by budding process.
18. Define vegetative reproduction? Give three advantage of such method. Why is vegetative propagation practised for some types of plants?
19.Name the method of reproduction:
i. Buds arise from the leaf margin of bryophyllum which gives rise to a full plant.
ii. Blob on a stick like structure of Rizophora. 20.How will an organism be benefited if it reproduces through spores?
21.Differentiate male and female germ cell.
22.Give labeled diagram for the following:
i. Longitudinal section of a flower.
ii. Germination of pollen on stigma.
iii. Parts of dicot seed (pea).
iv. A dicot embryo.
v. Spore formation in rhizopus.
vi. Regeneration in hydra.
vii. Hydra budding.
viii. Binary fission in amoeba.
ix. Human male reproductive system.
x. Human female reproductive system.
23.What are the common changes that occur in both male and female during puberty?
24.Describe the changes found in girls not found in boys in puberty.
25.Describe the changes found in boys not found in girls in puberty.
26.With labeled diagram briefly describe the male reproductive system.
27.Write the functions of following structures:
i. Testes.
ii. Vas deferens.
iii. Prostrate gland.
iv. Seminal vesicle.
28.Which structure of sperms helps them in locomotion?
29.Give functions of following structure:
i. Ovary
ii. Oviduct
iii. Fallopian tube.
iv. Uterus.
30.Where does fertilization take place in female reproductive system and where does implantation of embryo occurs?
31.How does uterus prepares itself to receive the growing embryo?
32.Name the vital connection between mother and foetus? Write its function.
33.What happens to the egg when it is not fertilized?
34.Define the following:
i. Ovulation.
ii. Menstruation.
35.Name two bacterial and two viral disease spread by sexual contact?
36.Write the adverse effect of having children prior to the age of 18.
37.What are the various devices to avoid pregnancy?

- S. Rath PGT Biology